All manuscripts undergo strict desk review for scope, plagiarism (max 15%), and EQUATOR checklist compliance before reviewer assignment.

Every research article is evaluated by at least two subject-matter experts with verified Scopus/ORCID profiles.

Both author and reviewer identities are strictly concealed throughout the evaluation to ensure absolute objectivity.

Accepted manuscripts undergo professional language copyediting to meet international publication standards.

Pre-Review & Desk Screening

The Managing Editor conducts an initial check for scope alignment, formatting compliance, and plagiarism screening (Turnitin/iThenticate, max 15% overall similarity). The editor also verifies the submission of the appropriate EQUATOR reporting checklist (e.g., STROBE, PRISMA, CARE). Manuscripts failing this stage receive an immediate desk rejection.

 Estimated time: 3–5 working days

Reviewer Assignment

The Editor-in-Chief invites a minimum of two independent expert reviewers with relevant subject-matter expertise. Reviewers are selected based on their publication track record (Scopus/WoS) and must declare no conflicts of interest.

 Estimated time: 5–7 working days

Double-Blind Peer Review

Reviewers evaluate the manuscript using our standardized evaluation rubric, assessing originality, methodological rigor, ethical compliance, and clarity. For complex studies, a dedicated statistical review may be requested.

 Estimated time: 14–21 working days

Editorial Decision

Based on the reviewers' reports, the Editor-in-Chief issues one of four decisions:

•  Accept: Proceed directly to production.
•  Minor Revision: Small, straightforward corrections required.
•  Major Revision: Substantial methodological or structural changes needed (requires re-review).
•  Reject: Does not meet the journal's scientific or ethical standards.</3>

 Estimated time: 3–5 working days

Author Revision & Re-Review

Authors must revise the manuscript and submit a detailed, point-by-point response letter addressing every reviewer comment. The revised manuscript is typically sent back to the original reviewers for verification.

 Author revision time: 14–28 days (varies)

Final Acceptance & Language Proofreading

Once scientifically accepted, the manuscript undergoes professional copyediting and English language proofreading by our editorial staff or certified services to ensure it meets international readability standards.

 Estimated time: 7–10 working days

Production & Online Publication

The final article is typeset, assigned a permanent DOI, and enriched with metadata (Crossref, ORCID, ROR). It is then published online with immediate Open Access and submitted to indexing databases (Google Scholar, Garuda, Dimensions, etc.).

 Estimated time: 7–14 working days post-acceptance